Technology transfers have been voluntary commercial transactions between Chinese and US companies and the US accusation of transfers being forced by China is groundless and violates international trade principles, Chinese experts said.The United States has accused China of using shareholding restrictions and administrative permissions to force US firms to transfer their technology to Chinese partners. The issue has been used as a justification by the Trump administration for its trade fight with China under Section 301 of the US Trade Act of 1974, which permits a response to trade practices deemed unfair, unreasonable or discriminatory.Chinese experts said technology transfers between Chinese and foreign companies are done through commercial contracts and are conducted on an equal and voluntary basis.Zhang Yalin, a member of the National Manufacturing Strategy Advisory Committee, said foreign companies' ties with Chinese firms have been driven by business interests, and they have helped them gain access to the Chinese market and abundant labor."Technology transfers have been based on mutual agreements between Chinese and foreign companies," Zhang said, adding that in many cases they have been carried out in the form of a paid license for usage and have not involved transfers of technology ownership."Technology offerings have been a means for foreign companies to obtain market share and investment returns in China. Many of the technologies were no longer core, advanced ones and had almost no application prospects in their home markets," Zhang said.Zhang said accusations of forced technology transfers by China have distorted the fact that seeking ties with Chinese companies and setting up joint ventures in China are rational, profit-driven decisions by foreign companies.The Trump administration's trade frictions with China have been seen by many experts as a move to target Beijing's Made in China 2025 initiative.Chinese experts argued that the initiative is aimed at upgrading China's industrial and high-end manufacturing capability and it offers win-win results for Chinese and foreign companies."Many multinational companies have set up their global R&D centers in China to take full advantage of local high-quality labor and innovative resources. It has helped boost their own business development," Zhang said.Xiong Meng, executive vice-chairman of the China Federation of Industrial Economics, said China's industrial upgrades provide an immense market for developed countries' high-end manufacturing equipment, spare parts and advanced materials.Like the US plan to revitalize its manufacturing sector, the Made in China 2025 is China's vision to boost its manufacturing capability and to attract investment in technological innovation, and it does not involve any forced rules and regulations, Xiong said.China has increased its technological competitiveness through growing investment in its own research and development, he added. 80s rubber bracelets
24 hour wristbands
customized silicone bracelets
silicone bracelet manufacturer
bracelet maker rubber
Proposal says what can be taken there and how waste is handled An iceberg is seen nearby China's research icebreaker Xuelong, or Snow Dragon, on its way to Zhongshan station in Antarctic, Dec 22, 2017. [Photo/Xinhua] China will soon publish a regulation that urges Chinese travelers to Antarctica to better protect the southernmost continent's environment. The State Oceanic Administration is seeking opinions and suggestions on the draft of the Environmental Protection Regulation on Activities on Antarctica, which was made public on the administration's website on Tuesday. Individuals can submit their thoughts on the regulation before Feb 7. The regulation comes amid a surge in the number of Chinese tourists to the icy continent in past years. According to the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators, an industry group in the United States, Chinese tourists were outnumbered in 2017 only by the United States, overtaking Australia for the No 2 spot. The association said 5,289 Chinese travelers visited Antarctica last year, 12 percent of the total number of tourists. More than 97 percent of those Chinese tourists landed on the continent. In 2016, 4,095 Chinese people made trips to Antarctica. The draft regulation stipulates that organizers of activities to Antarctica and participants must use measures to reduce the possible impact caused by their activities on Antarctica's environment and ecosystems. It says organizers and participants will pay for what is needed to clean their pollution and restore the environment, adding they also will cover the expenditures for rescues, medical services or evacuations caused by their trips. The document forbids the carrying of toxic objects, those that pollute and nonnative creatures to the ecologically sensitive continent. Collecting and bringing out local soil, rocks and animals also will be banned. Construction work will only be allowed if it is for scientific or educational purposes. Waste generated during a stay on Antarctica must be taken off the continent and items unfit for transportation should be incinerated and the remnants taken back, the draft states. Organizers must submit a report about their activities on Antarctica to oceanic authorities within 30 days of the tour's conclusion. Violators will be blacklisted and prohibited from entering Antarctica for three years, the draft notes. Lin Shanqing, deputy head of the State Oceanic Administration, said that China pays great attention to environmental protection on Antarctica and has spared no effort to regulate activities by its nationals on the continent.
buy wristbands near me
silicone wristband supplier malaysia
custom sports bracelets
custom wristbands
silicone bracelet maker machine
<%2fcenter>